The Many Names for the Same Document
Different states use different names for the document that creates your business. But they all serve the same purpose.
| Entity Type | Common Names |
|---|---|
| LLC | Articles of Organization, Certificate of Formation, Certificate of Organization |
| Corporation | Articles of Incorporation, Certificate of Incorporation, Corporate Charter |
| Limited Partnership | Certificate of Limited Partnership |
What It Contains
Your formation document is usually short. Most are just one or two pages. Here is what it typically includes:
How to File
Prepare your information
Gather your business name, registered agent details, and organizer information. Make sure your business name is available by searching in the state database.
Complete the form
Most states offer a fill-in-the-blank form on the Secretary of State website. Some states also accept online filings.
Pay the filing fee
Fees vary by state. Check our filing fees comparison page for exact amounts.
Receive your filed copy
Once approved, the state will send back a stamped or certified copy. This is your official proof that your business exists.
Formation Document vs Operating Agreement
These are two different things. People often confuse them.
Certificate of Formation
Filed with the state. Creates the business entity. Part of the public record. Required in all states.
Operating Agreement / Bylaws
Internal document. Governs how the business is run. Private and not filed with the state. Not required in all states but strongly recommended.